On September 11, 1893, Swami Vivekananda delivered a momentous speech at the Parliament of World's Religions in Chicago, introducing the philosophy of Hinduism to an American audience. His opening salutation, “Sisters and Brothers of America,” garnered an overwhelming response, highlighting his message of religious tolerance and unity, which resonates even today. This event occurred during a time when Western nations were dominant globally due to colonialism, yet this power dynamic fostered an exchange of ideas between Eastern and Western philosophies.

Key Aspects of the Event:

• Historical Context: The late 19th century was marked by colonial rule but also facilitated dialogues on spirituality across cultures. Vivekananda arrived in the United States amidst a growing interest in Eastern philosophies among intellectuals like Ralph Waldo Emerson, who cultivated an environment open to Vedanta, driven by rapid social and economic changes and increasing skepticism towards conventional Christianity.

• Parliament of World’s Religions: Held from September 11 to 27, 1893, in Chicago, this assembly featured diverse religious leaders and attracted considerable attention, showing a collective yearning for spiritual fulfillment.

• Vivekananda’s Concerns: Despite nerves about addressing such a prestigious gathering, Vivekananda emphasized the necessity for universal acceptance of all religions, stating, “We believe not only in universal toleration, but we accept all religions as true.” His words were a direct challenge to sectarianism and fanaticism, which he deemed detrimental to civilization, calling for an end to violence and persecution based on religious beliefs.

Influence of Vivekananda's Visit:

• Impact on Hinduism in the US: Vivekananda's presentation of Vedanta — a philosophy advocating radical nondualism and inclusivity — significantly raised awareness of Hinduism in America. After the Parliament, he toured the country for two years, delivering numerous lectures including two at Harvard University, fostering a new appreciation for Vedantic philosophy.

• Legacy: Vivekananda's outreach led to the establishment of Vedanta societies throughout the United States and beyond, many of which remain operational today. His teachings also penetrated popular culture, influencing various authors and filmmakers, including figures such as J.D. Salinger and George Lucas. Instances of this influence can be traced in works like Lucas' "Star Wars," linking Vedantic principles to contemporary narratives.

• Meditation and Yoga: The introduction of Vivekananda’s teachings contributed to the West's embrace of practices such as meditation and Hatha Yoga, which has evolved into a thriving wellness industry.

Summary Points:

• Swami Vivekananda's speech at the Chicago Parliament in 1893 introduced Hinduism to America, advocating for religious tolerance.
• His unusual salutation, “Sisters and Brothers of America,” received a standing ovation, indicating the speech's favorable reception.
• The period's socio-economic changes in the West led to an openness to non-Western spiritual traditions.
• Vivekananda spoke out against sectarianism and called for an end to fanaticism, aiming for universal acceptance of diverse beliefs.
• His visit triggered the establishment of Vedanta societies and inspired many cultural figures in America.
• His teachings helped to popularize meditation and yoga, turning them into significant cultural practices in the West.

Swami Vivekananda's contributions fostered an enduring dialogue between Eastern philosophies and Western thought, significantly shaping perceptions of Indian spirituality and religious inclusion.

The article commemorates the legacy of Bhupen Hazarika, a multifaceted artist from Assam, whose centenary celebrations began on September 8, a year prior to what would have been his 100th birthday. Known for his poetic, musical, and cinematic contributions, Hazarika was deeply influenced by the Brahmaputra River, which served as both a metaphor and a backdrop for much of his work.

Key Highlights:

• Early Life:

  • Hazarika was born in 1926 in Sadiya, Assam, and was the eldest of ten children.
  • His grandfather founded a school, and his father initially taught there before moving to Cotton College, Guwahati.
  • His musical inclinations began with his mother’s lullabies and local tribal music in Assam.

• Musical Voyage:

  • Hazarika showcased talent at a young age, performing at a public event when he was just 10.
  • He learned music from notable figures like Jyotiprasad Agarwala and Bishnu Prasad Rabha and was introduced to political themes through Agarwala during the independence struggle.
  • After completing his education in political science at Banaras Hindu University, he pursued a PhD in Mass Communication at Columbia University, New York, where he was inspired by American folk music.

• Political Engagement:

  • Hazarika became increasingly aware of the political neglect of the Northeast region in India.
  • His experiences in the U.S. and friendships, such as with Paul Robeson, influenced his artistic view, leading him to adapt American themes into Assamese context.

• Informing Social Conscience:

  • During the political turmoil in Assam in the 1980s, particularly with issues of illegal immigration, Hazarika’s music resonated with the local populace.
  • After the signing of the Assam Accord in 1985, he advocated for peace amidst rising violence from the ULFA (United Liberation Front of Asom), even offering to mediate between the organization and the Union Government.

• Musical and Film Career:

  • Hazarika composed soundtracks for over 70 films and created more than 1,500 songs, many of which reflect his political and cultural concerns.
  • His notable works include films like "Shakuntala" (1961), "Rudaali" (1993), and "Daman" (2001).
  • He enjoyed a close personal and professional relationship with filmmaker Kalpana Lajmi, contributing significantly to her film scores.

• Achievements and Recognition:

  • Hazarika received several prestigious awards throughout his career, including the National Awards and the Bharat Ratna, which he was awarded posthumously in 2019.
  • He was acknowledged by the Bangladesh government in 2010 for his contributions to music and humanity.

• Political Involvement:

  • Hazarika also had a brief political career, serving as an MLA from 1967 to 1972 and contesting Lok Sabha elections as a member of the BJP.

Summary:

Bhupen Hazarika's life encapsulated the complexities of art as a form of resistance and the voice of the marginalized. Growing up along the Brahmaputra, he weaved the themes of his environment—political turbulence, cultural richness, and social justice—into his expansive body of work. His legacy remains a testament to the power of music and cinema as a vehicle for political and social consciousness in India.

Important Points:

• Bhupen Hazarika's centenary celebrations began on September 8, commemorating his influence from Assam.
• He was born in 1926 and significantly shaped Assamese culture through music and film.
• His music served as a conduit for political expression, particularly in times of unrest in Assam.
• He won the Bharat Ratna and numerous awards for his contributions to Indian music and cinema.
• Hazarika offered to mediate peace during the violent phases of ULFA activities, reflecting his commitment to harmony.

Summary of the News Article: Gandhi Shilp Bazaar and Lepakshi Handicraft Design Competition

On September 10, 2025, R.P. Sisodiya, Special Chief Secretary of the Handlooms and Textiles, Industries and Commerce Department in Andhra Pradesh, highlighted the Gandhi Shilp Bazaar and the Lepakshi Handicraft Design Competition as significant events that showcase India's cultural heritage and craftsmanship. The week-long exhibition commenced at Amma Kalayana Mandapam in Vijayawada, promoting the talents of artisans and enhancing their market access and financial prospects.

Key Highlights:

• Dates and Venue: The exhibition started on September 8, 2025, and runs for a week at Amma Kalayana Mandapam in Vijayawada.
• Promoting Craftsmanship: Sisodiya stated that the event serves as a platform connecting artisans with customers and global markets, emphasizing the cultural narratives embedded in handcrafted goods, which include wood carvings, crochet lace, Thanjavur paintings, leather puppets, rugs, durries, and imitation jewelry.
• Involvement of Artisans: Nearly 40 master artisans and weavers from across India are participating, showcasing their exquisite creations that reflect long-standing traditions and innovation.
• Lepakshi Handicraft Design Competition: A central feature of this year’s event is the Lepakshi Handicraft Design Competition, which invites artisans to present innovative works in five primary crafts:
  • Kondapalli
  • Etikoppaka
  • Wood carving
  • Leather puppetry
  • Kalamkari block printing
• Judging Panel: The competition entries will be evaluated by experts from prestigious organizations including the National Institute of Design, the Craft Council, DC Handicrafts, and the Andhra Pradesh Handicrafts Development Corporation (APHDC).
• Awards: The competition is particularly notable for its awards, including gold, silver, and bronze medals, along with cash prizes totaling ₹2.5 lakh. The award ceremony is scheduled for September 12, 2025.
• Government Support: Vishwa Manoharan, vice-chairman and managing director of APHDC, described the exhibition as a crucial initiative aimed at connecting artisans with society, preserving traditional skills, and fostering a sense of pride in Andhra Pradesh’s craft heritage.

Overall, the Gandhi Shilp Bazaar and the Lepakshi Handicraft Design Competition represent vital efforts to celebrate Indian craftsmanship, support local artisans, and promote traditional arts and crafts for future generations.

Important Sentences:

• R.P. Sisodiya emphasized that the Gandhi Shilp Bazaar and the Lepakshi Handicraft Design Competition reflect India's cultural heritage by showcasing traditional craftsmanship.
• The exhibition began on September 8, 2025, at Amma Kalayana Mandapam in Vijayawada and features nearly 40 master artisans and weavers from across India's diverse regions.
• The Lepakshi Handicraft Design Competition focuses on innovation within tradition and includes crafts such as Kondapalli, Etikoppaka, and Kalamkari block printing.
• The competition offers gold, silver, and bronze medals as well as cash prizes totaling ₹2.5 lakh, with an award ceremony planned for September 12, 2025.
• The initiative aims to connect artisans with customers and enhance their financial security, while preserving traditional skills and promoting Andhra Pradesh’s craft heritage.

Anuparna Roy has made history in Indian cinema by winning the Best Director award in the Orizzonti section at the 82nd Venice Film Festival on September 7, 2023, for her debut feature film, "Songs of Forgotten Trees." This achievement marks her as the first Indian to receive this honor, highlighting the importance of showcasing diverse narratives not typically represented in mainstream cinema.

Key aspects of her film include:

• Storyline: The film tells the story of two migrant women in Mumbai. One woman aspires to be an actor and works part-time as a sex worker, while the other is a call center employee seeking a suitable groom. This narrative reflects Roy's own journey from her village in Purulia district, Narayanpur, to the urban landscapes of Mumbai that are often filled with unfulfilled aspirations.

• Personal Background: Roy grew up in an environment where socio-economic factors limit the opportunities for women, often leading to early marriages and a lack of educational support. Her experiences, including the poignant memory of a friend married at the age of 13 under a state scheme, shape her perspectives on the erasure of women’s voices in society.

• Cultural Commentary: Through her work, Roy seeks to address the anxieties and challenges faced by migrants and the complexities of urban living. She has expressed a commitment to amplifying the struggles of marginalized communities, acting against their silencing and promoting their narratives.

• Solidarity with Global Issues: Roy's stance extends beyond national borders; she has voiced her support for Palestinian rights on international platforms, advocating for peace and freedom for all children and communities worldwide.

• Inspirational Figure: Despite facing discouragement from her family regarding her aspirations to be a filmmaker, Roy has persevered. She stands as a potential figure of reflection to iconic filmmaker Satyajit Ray, suggesting that she may indeed be on a path that signifies her own unique contribution to the world of cinema.

This recognition not only spotlights Anuparna Roy's unique storytelling approach but also reinforces the significance of cinema as a medium that can bridge cultural divides and highlight pressing social issues.

Key Points Summary:

• Anuparna Roy wins Best Director at the 82nd Venice Film Festival on September 7, 2023.
• First Indian to receive an award in the Orizzonti section.
• "Songs of Forgotten Trees" focuses on the lives of two migrant women in Mumbai.
• Reflects Roy's own journey from Narayanpur, Purulia to Mumbai.
• Addresses issues such as early marriage and the marginalization of women's voices.
• Advocates for global solidarity, supporting Palestinian rights.
• Overcomes familial discouragement about pursuing a career in filmmaking.
• Embodies a narrative that emphasizes the need for more diverse representations in cinema.

Summary of the Onam Festival and Its Significance in Kerala

The festival of Onam represents the cultural ethos and social fabric of Kerala, embodying ideals of togetherness, harmony, and inclusivity. Traditionally celebrated by the Malayali community, Onam commemorates the annual visit of the legendary King Mahabali, symbolizing a historical period marked by equality and prosperity. Over the years, Onam has evolved beyond its traditional roots to encompass people from diverse backgrounds, uniting them irrespective of class, caste, or creed.

Key Highlights:

• Cultural Significance: Onam signifies a longing for an egalitarian society, highlighting nostalgia for a past characterized by unity, fairness, and shared values among the people of Kerala.

• Societal Impact: Since its formation in the Indian Union, Kerala has established itself as a model of social development, with notable achievements in literacy, education, and public health. The “Kerala model” is renowned for its emphasis on inclusivity and social equality.

• Digital Literacy: Kerala recently achieved full digital literacy, making it the first state in India to reach this milestone, indicating its advancement in socio-economic inclusion and the impact of historical social reform movements spearheaded by leaders such as Sree Narayana Guru.

• Political Context: While acknowledging Kerala's progressive history, there have been concerns regarding the portrayal of the state as a site of social strife and radicalization, which the community actively rejects, advocating for the celebration of Onam as a counter-narrative to these divisive claims.

• Communal Celebration: Onam has transformed into a community festival, with cultural expressions integrated into public spaces, allowing greater participation from diverse populations. The Kerala government organizes week-long celebrations showcasing local arts and traditions, enhancing tourism and fostering local pride.

• Tourism and Tradition: The state’s tourism department plays a vital role in promoting Onam, which includes classical performances, folk dances, and local dramas. The festival also marks the beginning of traditional sports like snake boat races, further enriching the cultural landscape.

Conclusion: Onam encapsulates the core message of social harmony and inclusivity in Kerala, serving not only as a festival but also as a cultural symbol reinforcing unity and shared identity among the people.

Important Highlights:

• Onam is rooted in the legend of King Mahabali and symbolizes equality.
• The festival promotes an ideal of an egalitarian society free from exploitation.
• Kerala is recognized for its achievements in literacy, health, and education, embodying the "Kerala model" of social development.
• Kerala achieved full digital literacy, the first state in India.
• Concerns have been raised regarding misrepresentations of Kerala's social fabric; the community calls for unity against such narratives.
• Onam has evolved into a community celebration, integrated across various social strata.
• The Kerala government's week-long Onam celebrations showcase the state's artistic traditions and attract tourism.
• The festival maintains the relevance of Kerala's traditional crafts and rural sports.