The World Health Organization (WHO) and UNICEF announced on July 15, 2025, that South Asia reached a historic high in childhood immunization coverage for 2024, with marked progress in India and Nepal. Significant details from the report include:

• Immunization Coverage Statistics:

  • India decreased the number of zero-dose children (those not receiving any vaccine) from 1.6 million in 2023 to 0.9 million in 2024, representing a 43% reduction.
  • Nepal achieved a 52% reduction in zero-dose children, decreasing from 23,000 to 11,000.
  • Pakistan reported the highest-ever coverage for DTP3 vaccines (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis) at 87%.
  • Conversely, Afghanistan experienced a decline in immunization coverage, recording the lowest rates in the region with a one percentage point drop from the previous year.

• General Trends:

  • In 2024, 92% of infants in South Asia received the third DTP vaccine dose, an increase of two percentage points from 2023.
  • The first-dose DTP coverage rose from 93% to 95%, exceeding pre-COVID coverage levels.
  • The region saw a 27% decline in total zero-dose children from 2.5 million in 2023 to 1.8 million in 2024.

• Measles Vaccination Rates:

  • Coverage increased for measles vaccines with 93% of infants receiving the first dose and 88% receiving the second dose, up from 90% and 87% respectively.
  • Measles cases fell by 39%, from over 90,000 in 2023 to approximately 55,000 in 2024, although coverage remains below the 95% threshold necessary to prevent outbreaks.

• HPV Vaccination Progress:

  • HPV vaccination coverage for adolescent girls rose from 2% in 2023 to 9% in 2024.
  • Bangladesh vaccinated over 7.1 million girls since its HPV program started in 2023.
  • Bhutan's HPV coverage increased from 91% to 94%, Maldives from 60% to 75%, and Sri Lanka from 31% to 48%.
  • Nepal initiated its HPV vaccination campaign in February 2025, reaching over 1.4 million girls, while India and Pakistan plan to launch their programs later in the year.

• Underlying Factors for Success:

  • The increase in immunization rates can be attributed to sustained government efforts, improved investments, supportive policies, and the commitment of frontline health workers, many of whom are women.
  • Adoption of digital tools and improved data systems alongside targeted outreach campaigns have significantly contributed to these gains.

• Continued Challenges:

  • Despite progress, over 2.9 million children in South Asia remain unvaccinated or under-vaccinated.
  • UNICEF and WHO urged governments in the region to maintain political commitment to health initiatives, boost domestic financing for immunization, expand HPV vaccination coverage, and intensify outreach to reach zero-dose and under-vaccinated children.

• Call to Action:

  • Enhanced investment in frontline health workers and improvements in surveillance systems for vaccine-preventable diseases were emphasized as crucial needs for ongoing efforts in immunization in the region.

This comprehensive progress showcases South Asia’s commitment towards reducing vaccine-preventable diseases, where a concerted effort from governments, health organizations, and communities remains essential for future challenges in public health.

Key Points:

• South Asia achieves record childhood immunization coverage in 2024.
• India reduces zero-dose children by 43%; Nepal sees 52% reduction.
• Pakistan reaches highest DTP3 coverage at 87%; Afghanistan sees decline.
• 93% of infants receive measles first dose; cases drop 39%.
• HPV vaccination for adolescent girls up from 2% to 9%.
• Over 2.9 million remain un- or under-vaccinated.
• Continued political commitment and investment in health personnel emphasized.

The Health Ministry of India has initiated a significant campaign aimed at informing the public about the health implications of consuming high oil, sugar, and trans-fat snacks commonly found in Indian cuisine, such as samosas, jalebis, vada pavs, and laddoos. This initiative will first be implemented at AIIMS Nagpur and subsequently extended to other cities.

Key Highlights:

• Launch of Health Campaign: The campaign aims to display nutritional information regarding oil, sugar, and trans-fat in commonly consumed Indian snacks.

• Target Groups: Initially focused on government departments and affiliated schools, following a directive from the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) which mandated that schools set up 'sugar boards' to monitor sugar intake among children.

• Background Data:

  • The campaign follows alarming statistics indicating rising obesity rates in India, as evidenced by the National Family Health Survey (NFHS), which showed obesity increasing from nearly 15% to 24% in men and from 12% to 23% in women between 2005-06 and 2019-21.

• Behavioral Changes: The initiative is described as a means to visually nudge citizens towards healthier choices, akin to the pictorial warnings found on tobacco products. However, experts caution that mere awareness efforts may not suffice without accompanying legislative measures.

• Lack of Regulations: Despite the focus on Indian snacks, there has not been significant progress regarding front-of-package labeling for processed foods, which remains crucial for informing consumers about unhealthy products.

• Legislative Context: The Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) has been called upon to amend regulations that include clear front-of-pack labeling. This effort is supported by the 2017-22 national multisectoral action plan for preventing non-communicable diseases.

• Supreme Court Directive: On July 15, 2022, the Supreme Court of India directed FSSAI to execute front-of-package labels on packaged foods. However, the establishment of upper limits for sugar, salt, and total fat has yet to be finalized.

• International References: The article mentions that levying taxes on high-fat, sugar, and salt (HFSS) foods has shown effectiveness in various countries to lower consumption levels.

• Research Findings: A 2022 study indicates that warning labels are effective in helping consumers identify unhealthy products better than other labeling methods. Similarly, research by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) and the National Institute of Nutrition (NIN) supports the efficacy of nutri-star ratings in discouraging intake of unhealthy foods.

• Conclusion: While awareness-raising initiatives are essential, experts emphasize that they must be coupled with robust legislative frameworks to effect meaningful change regarding unhealthy dietary habits.

Summary Points:

• Launch of a health campaign to disclose unhealthy snack content.
• Obesity rates in India are rising sharply, necessitating these initiatives.
• CBSE schools to monitor children's sugar intake.
• The need for front-of-package labeling is emphasized.
• Supreme Court has mandated FSSAI to implement clearer labeling.
• Lessons from international examples suggest taxation on unhealthy foods could be beneficial.
• Research shows the effectiveness of warning labels in modifying consumer behavior.
• Legislative measures are critical for lasting change.

This comprehensive approach aims to foster an environment conducive to healthier lifestyle choices among the Indian population while addressing the escalating issue of obesity and related health risks.

Summary of News Articles:

• Malnutrition rates among children in the Gaza Strip have surged to alarming levels since March 2025, following the imposition of stringent Israeli restrictions on food and supply entry aimed at pressuring Hamas.
• The United Nations reported that, as of July 15, 2025, malnutrition rates for children under five reached 10.2%, up from 5.5% in March. Approximately 16,000 children were screened by UNRWA clinics in June 2025.
• The resurgence of hunger correlates with the restart of the conflict, particularly after Israel resumed hostilities in March 2025, leading to widespread hardship among Gaza’s more than 2 million residents.
• In the past 24 hours, Israeli airstrikes reportedly killed more than 90 individuals, including many women and children, with the Health Ministry of Gaza confirming 93 fatalities and 278 injuries.
• One significant airstrike targeted a family home in Gaza City’s Tel al-Hawa district, resulting in the deaths of 19 family members, with eight women and six children among the deceased.
• The Israeli military claims it only targets militants and seeks to minimize civilian casualties, attributing civilian deaths to Hamas's operations within populated areas.
• Reports from UNICEF indicate an increase in malnutrition cases, with 5,870 cases documented in June, highlighting an ongoing crisis of food security since the blockade's intensification.
• Following some easing of the blockade in late May 2025, Israel is allowing an average of 69 trucks per day into Gaza. This amount is significantly lower than the hundreds of trucks previously needed to adequately support the population, as per U.N. assessments.
• The Israeli military agency COGAT has attributed delays in aid distribution to the U.N., stating it has pallets ready for pickup while the U.N. cites military restrictions as hindering its efficiency. An American contractor, Gaza Humanitarian Foundation (GHF), has been authorized to distribute supplies, claiming to have provided the equivalent of over 70 million meals since late May.
• However, access to these distribution sites has proven perilous; more than 840 Palestinians have reportedly been killed while attempting to reach GHF centers, with accusations that Israeli forces have employed live ammunition against crowds.
• Since the escalation of violence that followed Hamas's attack on October 7, 2023, Israeli military operations have resulted in over 58,400 Palestinian deaths and more than 139,000 injuries—a majority of the dead being women and children.
• In a separate incident, U.S. Ambassador Mike Huckabee urged Israel to investigate the death of Seifeddin Musalat, a 20-year-old Palestinian-American allegedly beaten to death by settlers in the West Bank. His family has called for accountability from the U.S. State Department.

Key Points:

• Malnutrition among children in Gaza increased to 10.2% by July 2025.
• Israeli airstrikes killed over 90 Palestinians within 24 hours, including many women and children.
• UNICEF and UNRWA report rising malnutrition rates and food insecurity.
• The blockade permits an average of 69 aid trucks daily, below the required levels.
• GHF has distributed over 70 million meal equivalents since late May; however, access has led to fatalities.
• Over 58,400 Palestinians have died since October 2023 due to Israeli military actions.
• U.S. Ambassador calls for accountability regarding the death of a Palestinian-American in the West Bank.

Summary of U.S. Tariff Implications on BRICS and India

On July 15, 2025, U.S. President Donald Trump announced the implementation of a 10% tariff on imports from nations in the BRICS coalition—Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa—alongside a potential 200% tariff on pharmaceutical imports. This policy shift indicates a strategic move to assert U.S. dominance in global trade while addressing perceived challenges from growing economic coalitions.

• Economic Context: The BRICS nations, which collectively account for approximately 32% of global GDP and over 40% of the world's population, represent an emerging counterweight to Western economic dominance. The bloc's efforts to transact in local currencies further signify a move away from reliance on the U.S. dollar.

• Trade Relations: In 2024, total U.S. imports from BRICS countries amounted to $886 billion, predominantly driven by China and India. The imposition of a 10% tariff could yield over $88 billion in additional duties, impacting these nations' economic engagements.

• Impact on India: India, a key player in BRICS and a strategic partner for the U.S., may face economic repercussions due to these tariffs that could destabilize its export flow. India recently proposed a comprehensive trade offer valued between $150-200 billion to the U.S., which is now at risk due to these aggressive tariff measures.

• Pharmaceutical Sector Vulnerability: A specific target of this tariff strategy is India's pharmaceuticals, which totaled $9.8 billion in exports to the U.S. for the fiscal year 2024-25—a 21% increase from the previous year. The potential 200% tariff on medications could significantly inflate prices, disrupt supply chains, and adversely affect American consumers reliant on affordable generic drugs.

• Broader Industrial Implications: The copper export sector, valued at $2 billion, could also suffer; a proposed 50% tariff may undermine India's competitive edge, particularly for producers in states like Gujarat and Tamil Nadu. This would shift demand towards alternative sources like Chile and Peru.

• Diplomatic Tensions: The rhetoric surrounding these tariffs marks a transition from collaborative trade discussions to unilateral economic coercion by the U.S., creating a tense environment for India as it balances its BRICS membership against its partnership with the U.S.

• Response from India: India has signaled a firm stance against making further concessions amidst U.S. pressures, highlighting the complexities of contemporary geopolitics where trade dynamics fluctuate between transactional relationships and power contests.

• Potential Unifying Effect on BRICS: The aggressive trade approach by the U.S. could ironically unify the BRICS nations further, strengthening their resolve against external pressures and fostering internal cohesion. This situation may also catalyze a transition toward alternative multipolar alliances.

• Long-term Outlook: While the U.S. seeks to tighten its grip through punitive tariffs, this strategy risks economic isolation and might inadvertently strengthen the global multipolar order it aims to combat.

In conclusion, Trump's tariff announcements pose significant challenges for BRICS nations, particularly India. The balance of power in global trade is shifting as policy decisions increasingly reflect geopolitical strategies rather than purely economic considerations. The implications of these tariffs extend beyond economics into the realm of international relations and cooperation.

Summary of the Nationwide Financial Inclusion Saturation Campaign

The Department of Financial Services (DFS), under the Ministry of Finance, initiated a three-month Nationwide Financial Inclusion Saturation Campaign from July 1, 2025, to September 30, 2025. The campaign aims to enhance outreach and ensure comprehensive coverage of flagship financial schemes in India.

Key Objectives:

• Enhancement of Financial Inclusion: The campaign targets the complete saturation of financial services among all eligible citizens across Gram Panchayats (GPs) and Urban Local Bodies (ULBs).
• Promotion of Flagship Schemes: Focus on Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY), Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY), Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY), and Atal Pension Yojana (APY).

Progress and Activities:

• Camps Organized: By mid-July 2025, a total of 43,447 camps were conducted across various districts to facilitate beneficiary enrollment under the aforementioned schemes and to promote financial literacy.

• Opening of New Accounts:

  • PMJDY accounts: 139,291 new accounts opened.
  • KYC Re-verification: 96,383 inactive PMJDY accounts and additional 101,778 other savings accounts were re-verified.
  • Nomination updates: 66,494 nominations for PMJDY accounts and 63,489 for other accounts were updated.

• Enrollment in Social Security Schemes:

  • PMJJBY: 183,225 enrollments.
  • PMSBY: 288,714 enrollments.
  • APY: 67,668 enrollments.

• Claims Settled: 1,665 claims under PMJJBY and PMSBY were settled.

• Financial Literacy Promotion: The campaign included programs on digital fraud awareness, access to unclaimed deposits, and grievance redressal mechanisms.

Geographic Coverage:

• The campaign extends to approximately 2.70 lakh GPs and ULBs across India, addressing the necessity of ensuring last-mile connectivity in financial service delivery.

Government Commitment:

• The initiative represents the Government of India’s dedication to socio-economic inclusivity, specifically targeting economically and socially marginalized communities.
• Financial inclusion serves as a critical foundation for equitable access to essential financial services, aiming to integrate the unbanked population into the formal financial system and promote sustainable economic development.

Conclusion:

The Nationwide Financial Inclusion Saturation Campaign is a significant effort by the Indian government to foster financial empowerment and ensure that every eligible citizen benefits from available government schemes, thereby enhancing socio-economic conditions nationwide.

Important Points:

• Campaign Duration: July 1, 2025 - September 30, 2025.
• Total Camps: 43,447 organized to date.
• PMJDY New Accounts: 139,291.
• Enrollment in Social Security Schemes:
  • PMJJBY: 183,225.
  • PMSBY: 288,714.
  • APY: 67,668.
• Claims Settled: 1,665.
• Covers approximately 2.70 lakh GPs and ULBs.
• Aims for financial empowerment and socio-economic inclusion of marginalized communities.

Summary of the ADEETIE Scheme Launch

On a significant day for India's industrial energy efficiency, Union Minister for Power and Housing & Urban Affairs, Shri Manohar Lal, launched the Assistance in Deploying Energy Efficient Technologies in Industries & Establishments (ADEETIE) scheme on March 1, 2002. This initiative, budgeted at ₹1000 crore, aims to promote the adoption of energy-efficient technologies among Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) across the country. The event took place at Arya (P.G.) College, Panipat, Haryana, signaling a vital move towards India's low-carbon economy.

Key Details of the ADEETIE Scheme:

• Objective: The ADEETIE scheme seeks to provide financial and technical support to MSMEs for upgrading to energy-efficient technologies, fostering a sustainable industrial ecosystem.

• Funding: The total budget for the ADEETIE scheme amounts to ₹1000 crore, which includes:

  • ₹875 crore designated for interest subvention.
  • ₹50 crore allocated for Investment Grade Energy Audits.
  • ₹75 crore set aside for implementation support via the Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE).

• Interest Subvention:

  • Micro and Small Enterprises: 5% interest subvention on loans.
  • Medium Enterprises: 3% interest subvention on loans.

• Support Services Provided:

  • End-to-end technical assistance, including funding for Investment Grade Energy Audits (IGEA), Detailed Project Reports (DPRs), and post-implementation Monitoring and Verification (M&V).

• Target Sectors: The scheme focuses on 14 energy-intensive sectors such as:

  • Brass, Bricks, Ceramics, Chemicals, Fishery, Food Processing, Forging, Foundry, Glass, Leather, Paper, Pharma, Steel Re-rolling, and Textiles.

• Phased Roll-out Plan:

  • The first phase will cover 60 industrial clusters, with a second phase planned for an additional 100 clusters.
  • Implementation period extends from FY 2025-26 to FY 2027-28.

• Expected Outcomes: The ADEETIE scheme is anticipated to mobilize investments worth ₹9000 crore, including projected MSME lending of ₹6750 crore, contributing significantly to India's efforts in enhancing energy efficiency and reducing carbon emissions.

Remarks from Officials:

• Shri Manohar Lal, during his address, underscored the transformative nature of the ADEETIE scheme in making Indian industries competitively aligned with global sustainability standards. He emphasized the necessity of reducing India's carbon footprint and meeting international climate obligations.

• Shri Pankaj Agarwal, Secretary of the Ministry of Power, highlighted the central role of the BEE in mainstreaming energy efficiency and urged for a conducive policy and financing framework supporting MSMEs.

• Shri A.K. Singh, Additional Chief Secretary (Energy), Government of Haryana, called for reduced reliance on fossil fuels, urging MSMEs to engage with the ADEETIE initiative.

• Shri Akash Tripathi, Additional Secretary & Director General of BEE, reiterated the economic rationale behind energy efficiency, linking it to enhanced productivity and decreased emissions amid India's export-oriented industrial strategy.

Administration and Background:

• The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), established under the Energy Conservation Act, 2001, plays a pivotal role in the execution of this scheme, designed to regulate and promote energy conservation principles in India’s industrial framework.

Conclusion:

The ADEETIE scheme represents a landmark initiative in India's energy efficiency mission aimed at empowering MSMEs through cleaner technologies. With comprehensive support mechanisms set in place, the program endeavors to elevate productivity while contributing significantly toward a greener industrial landscape.

Important Points:

• Launch of ADEETIE Scheme by Union Minister Shri Manohar Lal.
• Total budget of ₹1000 crore for the scheme.
• 5% interest subvention for Micro and Small Enterprises; 3% for Medium Enterprises.
• Comprehensive support including energy audits and project reports.
• Focus on 14 energy-intensive sectors with phased implementation.
• Expected mobilization of ₹9000 crore in investments.
• BEE's crucial role in the implementation and oversight of the scheme.

Summary of the News Article on the 10-Year Celebration of Skill India Mission

On July 15, 2023, Union Minister Jayant Chaudhary launched a week-long celebration marking the 10-year milestone of the Skill India Mission, coinciding with World Youth Skills Day. The event highlighted the mission's achievements in skill development, with the Minister emphasizing the significant role of India's youth in achieving the goal of a developed India (Viksit Bharat) by 2047. This celebration engages motivational activities to strengthen the impact of the mission across states.

Key Details:

• Skill India Mission’s Achievements:

  • Over 6 crore individuals have been trained under the Skill India Mission since its inception.
  • The initiative has unified skill development efforts across various sectors, enhancing employability and facilitating entrepreneurship.

• Government Schemes and Programs:

  • Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY): More than 1.64 crore youth trained.
  • Revamp Scheme for ITIs: A budget of ₹60,000 crore approved, with ₹10,000 crore sourced from Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).
  • National Skill Development and Entrepreneurship Policy: Set to redefine the skilling landscape, focusing on the dynamic global economy and preparing the workforce accordingly.

• Reforms and Initiatives:

  • Ongoing reforms in Industrial Training Institutes (ITIs) have resulted in the de-affiliation of 4.5 lakh vacant seats and continued scrutiny of an additional 99,000 unutilized seats.
  • The 38th meeting of the Central Apprenticeship Council (CAC) outlined proposals to increase stipend support by 36% to enhance the apprenticeship program's attractiveness.
  • A pilot scheme provides an additional ₹1,500 per month to apprenticeship candidates from the North Eastern Region (NER) to promote inclusivity and regional equity.

• Future Goals:

  • Higher levels of industry participation in shaping curriculum and training standards to create employable youth.
  • The mission aims to ensure quality skilling and re-skill workforce participants to meet the demands of a changing economy.

Conclusion:

Minister Chaudhary's remarks emphasized the crucial role of youth in transforming India into a developed nation. The week-long celebration includes a series of programs, workshops, and exhibitions across various centers, culminating in the ‘Bharat SkillNxt 2025’ event in New Delhi on July 22, which aims to launch major skilling initiatives, including a specialized program on AI for school children.

Important Points:

• Launch of a week-long celebration marking 10 years of Skill India Mission.
• 6 crore individuals trained since the mission's start.
• Significant programs include PMKVY, and the ₹60,000 crore ITI Revamp Scheme.
• Future commitments include enhancing industry participation and launching a new National Skill Development and Entrepreneurship Policy.
• Inclusion efforts for NER candidates undergoing apprenticeships.
• The culmination of celebrations will be at Bharat Mandapam, New Delhi, on July 22, 2023.

This summary encapsulates the essential details regarding the Skill India Mission's achievements, initiatives, and future aspirations, substantiating its role in India's progress towards a skilled workforce and overall national development.

Summary of the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) Monthly Bulletin - June 2025

The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) Monthly Bulletin for June 2025 presents essential labor market indicators based on current weekly status (CWS). The findings depict trends in labor force participation, worker population ratios, and unemployment rates.

Key Findings:

• Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR):

  • The LFPR for individuals aged 15 years and above was 54.2% in June 2025, slightly down from 54.8% in May 2025.
  • In rural areas, LFPR was 56.1%, while urban areas reported 50.4%.
  • For males aged 15 years and above, LFPR was 78.1% (rural) and 75.0% (urban), indicating a marginal decline. The LFPR for females was notably lower at 35.2% (rural).

• Worker Population Ratio (WPR):

  • The WPR for the same age group was 51.2% nationally, decreasing from 51.7% in May 2025.
  • WPR in rural areas was 53.3% and 46.8% in urban areas.
  • The overall female WPR stood at 30.2% with 33.6% in rural and 22.9% in urban areas.

• Unemployment Rate (UR):

  • The unemployment rate for individuals aged 15 years and above remained steady at 5.6% in both May and June 2025.

Influencing Factors:

• The observed decline in LFPR and WPR is attributed to:

  • Seasonal agricultural patterns: Many engaged in agricultural work transitioned to domestic chores due to intense summer heat.
  • Rural female workforce participation saw a pronounced decline, notably among higher-income households, with many unpaid helpers reporting engagement in domestic duties.
  • The share of rural female workers in agriculture fell from 70.2% to 69.8%.

• An increase in own-account work contributed to a reduction in the unemployment rate, suggesting individuals engaged in informal, self-initiated activities like petty trade or repair work.

Methodology and Sample Design:

• The revamped PLFS design initiated in January 2025 aims to provide enhanced estimates for key employment indicators on a monthly basis for both rural and urban areas.
• The sampling methodology employs a rotational panel design, visiting selected households over four consecutive months to ensure data reliability.
• The sample comprised 89,493 households, with 3,80,538 individuals surveyed nationwide.

Comparative Analysis (April - June 2025):

• The LFPR has seen a general decline in youth participation:

  • For age group 15-29 years, the LFPR fell from 43.4% in April to 41.1% by June.

• Worker Population Ratio and Unemployment Rate:

  • The youth WPR decreased across rural and urban settings, evidencing challenges faced by this demographic in securing employment.

Conclusion:

The PLFS indicators for June 2025 illustrate thematic shifts in labor participation in India, with significant seasonal influences observed in rural sectors affecting employment trends. Continued updates from the PLFS serve as critical data points for policy formulation aimed at enhancing employment growth and addressing labor force issues in the country.

Important Points:

• LFPR in CWS: 54.2% nationally (June 2025), down from 54.8% (May 2025).
• Rural areas LFPR: 56.1%; Urban areas LFPR: 50.4%.
• Male LFPR (rural/urban): 78.1% / 75.0%; Female LFPR (rural): 35.2%.
• WPR nationally: 51.2%, down from 51.7% (May 2025).
• Unemployment rate stable at 5.6%.
• Seasonal agricultural patterns significantly influence labor participation.
• Survey methodology revamped for enhanced accuracy post-January 2025.

Summary of Article on Women's Participation in STEM and Skills Development in India

The article emphasizes the importance of skills development for reducing unemployment and promoting decent work, particularly in the context of World Youth Skills Day observed on July 15, 2025. Despite India having a high percentage of women (43%) among STEM graduates, only 27% of the STEM workforce comprises women. This discrepancy highlights significant barriers women face in accessing STEM career opportunities.

Key points include:

• Current Statistics: According to the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) 2023-24, India's overall female labor force participation rate (FLFPR) has increased to 41.7%. The increase is more pronounced among rural women (47.6%) compared to urban women (25.4%).

• Global Context: The UNESCO Institute for Statistics (2021) indicates that globally, only 31.5% of researchers are women, spotlighting the need for systemic changes to bridge the gender gap in STEM fields.

• Economic Implications: Estimates from the McKinsey Global Institute suggest that increasing women's workforce participation by 68 million could enhance India's GDP by up to $700 billion by 2025. The World Bank notes that achieving a 50% female workforce participation rate could improve GDP growth by 1%.

• Government Initiatives: The New Education Policy (NEP) 2020 aims to enhance retention and opportunities in STEM. The Ministry of Education is focused on integrating education with skill development and improving access to vocational training in rural areas. In the Union Budget 2025-26, the share for gender-specific programs rose from 6.8% to 8.8%, with ₹4.49 lakh crore allocated for such initiatives.

• Fostering Women Entrepreneurs: The budget introduced term loans for women entrepreneurs and new National Skill Training Institutes, aligned with frameworks like Skill India and Digital India. However, the article argues that government policies alone are insufficient to resolve the education-employment gap.

• Industry's Role: The private sector is increasingly instrumental in facilitating women's career advancement in STEM through structured mentorship programs and collaborations with educational institutions. The UN Women’s WeSTEM program aids in bridging skill gaps, particularly in Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat.

• Challenges to Participation: Persistent stereotypes regarding gender roles in technical fields deter women from entering or remaining in STEM careers. The article emphasizes that factors like workplace culture, family awareness, and gendered role expectations contribute to high attrition rates among women in these fields.

• Solutions to Barriers: Addressing negative perceptions, ensuring workplace safety, equitable salary, and supporting women through life transitions are crucial for tapping into their potential in the workforce. Industry partnerships, mentorships, and supportive workplace policies can facilitate women's success in STEM fields.

• Cultural Impact: The article underscores the profound societal impact when women are engaged in the workforce; their contributions influence various domains from households to policymaking.

• Future Vision: The narrative concludes by reiterating that investing in women’s skills in STEM is not merely affordable but essential for India's growth and inclusiveness. When women thrive, they amplify their influence across communities, signifying a step toward a more developed India.

This article highlights both the challenges and systemic changes needed to improve women's participation in STEM and broader economic participation, encapsulating relevant facts, statistics, and government initiatives aimed at promoting gender equality in the workforce.

The Dharmavaram silk sari from Sri Sathya Sai district in Andhra Pradesh has been awarded the ‘One District One Product (ODOP) – 2024 National Award’. This accolade recognizes the state’s accomplishments in the traditional handloom sector and is part of a program initiated by the Indian government to promote indigenous artisans and their crafts. The award was presented at a ceremony in New Delhi on July 15, 2025, attended by key figures such as the State Minister for Handlooms and Textiles S. Savitha, District Collector T.S. Chetan, and Union Ministers Shivraj Singh Chouhan and Piyush Goyal.

Key Highlights of the Event and Achievements:

• Award Significance: The ODOP initiative aims to enhance the visibility of traditional crafts and support local artisans across various districts in India.
• Recognition Ceremony: The award was conferred during an event at Bharat Mandapam, symbolizing the national recognition of local products.
• Officials Involved: The award was received by Andhra Pradesh officials, including Minister Savitha and Collector Chetan, who underscored the award’s importance for the traditional weavers and artisans.
• Minister Savitha’s Statement: She emphasized that the award showcases the artistic excellence of Andhra Pradesh’s handloom sector and will elevate the global profile of Indian culture. This honor is expected to bolster cottage industries and provide better livelihoods for artisans.
• Collector Chetan’s Remarks: He regarded the recognition as a significant achievement for weavers in the Sri Sathya Sai district, indicating that it would expand market access and employment opportunities for the artisans, especially in Dharmavaram.

This award serves to not only recognize the craftsmanship associated with Dharmavaram saries but also to impact the socio-economic framework surrounding handloom industries, fostering growth and sustainability within the sector.

Such initiatives play a critical role in preserving India's rich textile heritage while promoting economic development through employment generation and market expansion in traditional crafts.

Summary Bullet Points:

• Dharmavaram silk sari of Sri Sathya Sai district wins ‘One District One Product (ODOP) – 2024 National Award’.
• Award conferred on July 15, 2025, in New Delhi, as part of governmental initiatives for indigenous artisans.
• Presented at Bharat Mandapam, attended by Union Ministers and Andhra Pradesh officials.
• Minister Savitha highlighted the award's role in enhancing the visibility of Indian culture.
• Collector Chetan called it a milestone for the weavers and artisans of the district, emphasizing market and employment expansions.
• The ODOP initiative promotes traditional crafts and supports local economies and livelihoods.

The Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO), in collaboration with the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Bibinagar, has unveiled a significant innovation in the field of prosthetics—a cost-effective advanced Carbon Fibre Foot Prosthesis, named the ADIDOC. This product was officially launched on July 14, 2025, at AIIMS Bibinagar, Telangana, and is a notable advancement under the Aatmanirbhar Bharat initiative, which aims to enhance self-reliance in various sectors in India.

Key highlights of the development:

• Product Details: The ADIDOC is an indigenously designed and developed advanced Carbon Fibre Foot Prosthesis created by DRDO’s Defence Research & Development Laboratory (DRDL) and AIIMS Bibinagar.
• Biomechanical Testing: The prosthesis has been biomechanically tested to withstand loads of up to 125 kilograms, with a sufficient safety factor, ensuring durability and usability.
• Variants: There are three different variants of the ADIDOC to accommodate patients of varying body weights.
• Cost Efficiency: This prosthetic foot aims to drastically cut production costs, bringing it down to less than ₹20,000, as opposed to the current imported models, which can cost around ₹2 lakh.
• Accessibility: The launch of ADIDOC is intended to significantly enhance access to high-quality prosthetic solutions for low-income amputees in India.
• Independence from Imports: By producing these prostheses domestically, India is expected to reduce its dependency on imported technologies, thereby promoting local manufacturing and innovation.
• Socio-Economic Impact: The initiative aligns with broader goals for social and economic inclusion of persons with disabilities in India, supporting the rights and accessibility for disabled individuals.

This development signifies a major step forward in empowering economically disadvantaged sections of society through enhanced medical technologies and demonstrates India's commitment to indigenization in healthcare innovations. The ADIDOC program not only reflects advancements in medical technology but also represents a systemic effort to foster inclusivity and accessibility in prosthetic devices.

Overall, the successful introduction of the ADIDOC could serve as a pivotal example of how government initiatives aimed at self-reliance can lead to tangible improvements in quality of life for individuals requiring prosthetics. Its economic benefits alongside the enhancement of healthcare accessibility underscore the importance of such innovations in India's health infrastructure.

Important Sentences in Bullet Points:

• DRDO and AIIMS Bibinagar unveiled the ADIDOC, a cost-effective advanced Carbon Fibre Foot Prosthesis on July 14, 2025.
• The prosthesis is biomechanically tested to loads up to 125 kg and comes in three variants for different weight classes.
• Production costs for the ADIDOC are estimated to be less than ₹20,000, while similar imported products cost around ₹2 lakh.
• This innovation is expected to improve accessibility to high-quality prosthetics for low-income group amputees in India.
• The initiative aligns with the Aatmanirbhar Bharat scheme, promoting indigenization and reducing dependency on imported technologies.
• The project supports broader social and economic inclusion for persons with disabilities.

Summary: Nationwide Financial Inclusion Saturation Campaign Progress Report

The Department of Financial Services (DFS) of the Ministry of Finance has launched a significant three-month nationwide financial inclusion saturation campaign aimed at enhancing the outreach of crucial financial schemes. The campaign commenced on 1st July 2025 and will run until 30th September 2025. Key goals include ensuring comprehensive financial coverage across all Gram Panchayats (GPs) and Urban Local Bodies (ULBs), thus promoting socio-economic inclusion for every eligible citizen.

Campaign Highlights and Achievements:

• Duration: 1st July 2025 to 30th September 2025.

• Objective: Facilitate access to various government financial schemes including:

  • Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)
  • Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY)
  • Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY)
  • Atal Pension Yojana (APY)

• Progress Report (as of mid-July 2025):

  • Camps Organized: 43,447 across numerous districts.
  • New Accounts Opened:
    • PM Jan Dhan Yojana: 139,291 accounts.
    • Other Savings Accounts: Data pending from 31,305 camps.

• KYC and Account Updates:

  • KYC Re-verification:
    • Inactive PMJDY Accounts: 96,383
    • Other Savings Accounts: 101,778
  • Nomination Updates:
    • For PMJDY Accounts: 66,494
    • Other Accounts: 63,489

• Social Security Enrollments:

  • PM Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana: 183,225
  • PM Suraksha Bima Yojana: 288,714
  • Atal Pension Yojana: 67,668

• Claims Settled:

  • Under PMJJBY and PMSBY: 1,665 claims settled.

• Financial Literacy Initiatives:

  • Programmes on digital fraud awareness, access to unclaimed deposits, and grievance redressal mechanisms are also being conducted alongside the campaign.

Future Prospects:

• The campaign will continue until 30th September 2025, targeting approximately 2.70 lakh GPs and ULBs.
• This initiative underscores the Government of India's commitment to last-mile financial empowerment and improving socio-economic inclusion by providing access to formal financial services.

Importance of the Campaign:

• The Financial Inclusion initiatives are recognized as pivotal in empowering economically and socially marginalized communities.
• By bringing unbanked individuals into the mainstream banking system, these initiatives lay the foundation for inclusive and sustainable economic development across the country.

Key Points:

• Launch of a nationwide financial inclusion campaign on 1st July 2025.
• Organised 43,447 camps so far for outreach.
• Opening of 139,291 new PMJDY accounts.
• Enrollment of 4.39 lakh people under social security schemes.
• Campaigns focused on financial literacy and digital fraud awareness.
• Continues until 30th September covering 2.70 lakh GPs and ULBs.

This campaign exemplifies the government’s efforts to make financial services accessible to all, aligning with its broader agenda of socio-economic upliftment.

The Government of India has launched the Assistance in Deploying Energy Efficient Technologies in Industries & Establishments (ADEETIE) scheme, a comprehensive initiative aimed at enhancing energy efficiency in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). This scheme was officially inaugurated by Union Minister for Power and Housing & Urban Affairs, Shri Manohar Lal, during a national roll-out event at Arya (P.G.) College, Panipat, Haryana.

Key Highlights:

• Budget and Objective: The ADEETIE scheme has a total budgetary allocation of ₹1000 crore focusing on the adoption of energy-efficient technologies by MSMEs, thereby facilitating India's transition to a low-carbon economy.

• Financial Incentives:

  • The scheme provides a 5% interest subvention for Micro and Small Enterprises and a 3% subvention for Medium Enterprises on loans obtained for energy efficiency projects.
  • Funding support includes ₹875 crore for interest subvention, ₹50 crore allocated for Investment Grade Energy Audits (IGEA), and ₹75 crore for implementation support.

• Technical Support: ADEETIE offers an array of technical assistance including:

  • Conducting investment-grade energy audits.
  • Preparing Detailed Project Reports (DPRs).
  • Technology identification and project monitoring.

• Implementation Strategy:

  • The initiative will begin with a phased roll-out across 60 industrial clusters in its first phase, followed by an additional 100 clusters.
  • The implementation period spans three years, from FY 2025-26 to FY 2027-28.

• Sectoral Focus: The ADEETIE scheme targets 14 energy-intensive sectors, including:

  • Brass
  • Bricks
  • Ceramics
  • Chemicals
  • Fishery
  • Food Processing
  • Forging
  • Foundry
  • Glass
  • Leather
  • Paper
  • Pharma
  • Steel Re-rolling
  • Textiles

• Economic Impact: It is anticipated that the ADEETIE scheme will mobilize approximately ₹9000 crore in investments over its course, including ₹6750 crore derived from MSME lending.

• Supporting Institutions: The Bureau of Energy Efficiency (BEE), established under the Energy Conservation Act of 2001 and operational since March 1, 2002, will oversee the implementation of the ADEETIE initiative.

Additional Remarks:

• Shri Manohar Lal emphasized the critical importance of energy efficiency for economic growth and sustainability. He stated that the technologies included in the ADEETIE scheme could help MSMEs reduce energy consumption by 30–50% and enhance overall productivity.

• The initiative is expected to support India’s international climate commitments by reducing the carbon footprint of industrial processes.

• The launch event also included the recognition of MSME units with appreciation certificates for early participation, the signing of Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) with major industrial associations, and testimonials shared by MSME representatives regarding their positive experiences with energy audits.

Conclusion:

The ADEETIE scheme marks a significant step towards promoting industrial energy efficiency in India, facilitating the adoption of cleaner technologies, and fostering sustainable economic growth within the MSME sector. Its comprehensive support mechanisms position it as a crucial component of India’s energy efficiency mission.

Important Bullet Points:

• Launch of ADEETIE scheme with a budget of ₹1000 crore to promote energy efficiency in MSMEs.
• Offers financial support: 5% interest subvention for Micro and Small Enterprises, and 3% for Medium Enterprises.
• Technical support includes energy audits, DPRs, and monitoring.
• Phased implementation across 60 clusters initially, expanding to 100.
• Anticipated mobilization of ₹9000 crore in investments.
• Focus on 14 energy-intensive sectors including textiles, chemicals, and food processing.
• Scheme aligns with India's climate commitments and thegoal of transitioning to a low-carbon economy.

Summary of the Nationwide Financial Inclusion Saturation Campaign

The Ministry of Finance’s Department of Financial Services (DFS) launched a major initiative to enhance financial inclusion across India. This initiative, known as the Nationwide Financial Inclusion Saturation Campaign, commenced on July 1, 2025, and will continue until September 30, 2025. It aims to strengthen outreach for several key governmental financial schemes, such as:

• Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)
• Pradhan Mantri Jeevan Jyoti Bima Yojana (PMJJBY)
• Pradhan Mantri Suraksha Bima Yojana (PMSBY)
• Atal Pension Yojana (APY)

Objectives and Scope:

• The campaign's overarching goal is to achieve comprehensive coverage, ensuring that every eligible citizen can access the benefits of these transformative schemes.
• Targeting all Gram Panchayats (GPs) and Urban Local Bodies (ULBs), the program strives to empower marginalized communities through access to formal financial services.

Activities and Achievements:

Since its launch, the campaign has reported significant progress:

• 43,447 camps have been organized nationwide to facilitate beneficiary enrollments.
• There have been 139,291 new PMJDY accounts opened and more than 540,000 beneficiaries enrolled under the Jan Suraksha schemes, which include:
  • 1,83,225 enrollments under PMJJBY
  • 2,88,714 enrollments under PMSBY
  • 67,668 enrollments under APY
• Enrolment also includes the re-verification of 96,383 KYC details for inactive PMJDY accounts and updating nomination details for 66,494 PMJDY accounts.

Financial Literacy Initiatives:

• The campaign hosts various activities, including:
  • Financial literacy programs focusing on digital fraud awareness, access to unclaimed deposits, and grievance redressal mechanisms.

Commitment to Last-Mile Financial Empowerment:

• The government is dedicated to ensuring equitable access to banking services for unbanked populations, thus promoting inclusive economic development.
• By reaching around 2.70 lakh GPs and ULBs, the initiative highlights the commitment to enhance socio-economic inclusion.

Economic Impact:

• The campaign reflects a broader strategy to enable financially marginalized individuals and bolster sustainable economic development in the country.

Conclusion:

The Nationwide Financial Inclusion Saturation Campaign exemplifies the Government of India’s ongoing efforts to empower underserved communities through comprehensive financial inclusion strategies. The focus on grassroots outreach signifies a pivotal shift toward equitable access to financial resources, contributing significantly to national economic stability and growth.

Key Points:

• Nationwide campaign launched on July 1, 2025, ending on September 30, 2025.
• 43,447 camps organized across districts.
• 139,291 new PMJDY accounts created, with an additional 540,000 enrollments under social security schemes.
• Focus on financial literacy related to fraud awareness and grievance handling.
• Commitment to covering 2.70 lakh GPs and ULBs for last-mile empowerment.
• Aimed at integrating unbanked populations into formal banking systems for sustainable economic development.

The President of India, Smt. Droupadi Murmu, is scheduled to confer the Swachh Survekshan 2024-25 awards on July 17, 2025. Organized by the Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (MoHUA), this national ceremony will take place at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi, with Union Minister Sh. Manohar Lal and MoS Sh. Tokhan Sahu present.

Key details of the event and the Swachh Survekshan initiative include:

• Awards Overview: A total of 78 prestigious awards will be presented across four categories, recognizing cities that contribute significantly to the Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban (SBM-U).

• Categories:

  1. Super Swachh League Cities: Highlighting top performers in cleanliness.
  2. Top 3 Clean Cities: Awarded within five different population categories.
  3. Special Category: Includes Ganga Towns, Cantonment Boards, SafaiMitra Suraksha, and Mahakumbh.
  4. State Level Awards: Recognizing the most promising clean city from each State/Union Territory.

• Participation: Over 14 crore citizens participated in the assessment, showcasing significant public engagement through various platforms including face-to-face interactions, the Swachhata App, and social media.

• Assessment Approach: The assessment, conducted over 45 days, was performed by more than 3,000 assessors inspecting every ward across 4,500+ cities. It employed a structured evaluation system based on 10 well-defined parameters and 54 indicators, offering a detailed view of urban sanitation and waste management.

• History and Impact: Swachh Survekshan, now in its 9th edition, has evolved from assessing 73 Urban Local Bodies (ULBs) in 2016 to a comprehensive initiative encompassing thousands of urban centers across India.

• Special Focus on Inclusivity: This initiative aims to ensure inclusivity and transparency, assessing over 11 lakh households to capture diverse perspectives on urban living and sanitation.

• Super Swachh League (SSL): The introduction of this category promotes cities that have historically ranked in the top three over the past three years while remaining in the top 20% of their population categories this year.

• Population-Based Classification: Cities are classified based on size into five categories for tailored assessment:

  1. Very Small Cities: less than 20,000 population.
  2. Small Cities: 20,000 – 50,000 population.
  3. Medium Cities: 50,000 – 3 lakh population.
  4. Big Cities: 3 – 10 lakh population.
  5. Million-Plus Cities: over 10 lakh population.

This categorization allows even smaller cities to compete fairly, encouraging all jurisdictions to excel in cleanliness standards.

In summary, the Swachh Survekshan 2024-25 represents a concerted effort towards urban cleanliness in India, promoting best practices, innovation, and public engagement in municipal sanitation management as part of the broader Swachh Bharat Mission-Urban initiative.

Important Points:

• Awards ceremony on July 17, 2025, by President Droupadi Murmu.
• Total of 78 awards across four categories recognizing urban cleanliness efforts.
• Participation from over 14 crore citizens, with assessments covering 4,500+ cities.
• Comprehensive evaluation using 10 parameters and 54 indicators.
• Special Super Swachh League introduced to motivate top-performing cities.
• Cities classified into five population-based categories for tailored assessments.

Summary of the News Article on NCPRE and Solar Energy Innovations

On July 15, 2025, Union Minister for New and Renewable Energy, Shri Pralhad Joshi, visited the National Centre for Photovoltaic Research and Education (NCPRE) at IIT Bombay, underscoring the significance of research in high-efficiency silicon-perovskite tandem solar cells. During his visit, he emphasized India's commitment to redefining its renewable energy landscape through advancements in solar technology.

Key Developments and Initiatives:

• Funding and Support: The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has allocated over Rs 200 crore to NCPRE, IIT Bombay, over the past 15 years for research and development (R&D) and educational support to further India's 100 GW solar mission.
• Technological Advancements: The IIT Bombay-incubated startup, Advanced Renewable Tandem-Photovoltaics India (ART-PV India), achieved a national milestone by developing a 4-Terminal Silicon/CdTe-Perovskite tandem solar cell with a conversion efficiency of 29.8%. This achievement positions India at the forefront of solar technology innovation.

Objectives of NCPRE:

• NCPRE was established in 2010 to support India's ambitious aim of harnessing solar energy, and it continues to play a pivotal role in R&D in this sector.
• MNRE's support extends to ART-PV India, with an investment of $10 million (~ Rs 83 crore) to establish a cutting-edge pilot manufacturing facility at IIT Bombay, fostering domestic innovation.

Ministerial Statements:

• Shri Joshi noted that the work at NCPRE is not merely academic but rather serves as a foundation for scalable and clean energy production. He stated that the advancements made in tandem solar cell technology could achieve efficiencies of over 30%, significantly exceeding those of conventional solar panels.
• He reaffirmed the government's dedication to fostering cutting-edge renewable energy technologies in alignment with the "Aatmanirbhar Bharat" (Self-Reliant India) initiative, enhancing India’s leadership in clean energy sector.

Economic Implications:

• The MNRE is enhancing innovation in the renewable energy sector through schemes like the Renewable Energy Research & Technology Development (RE-RTD) and is geared towards accelerating lab-to-market transitions.
• The Union Cabinet's recent approval of the Research Development and Innovation (RDI) Scheme, along with a dedicated budget of Rs 1.27 lakh crore for Gross Expenditure on Research and Development (GERD), highlights the government's commitment to bolstering R&D and creating global benchmarks in Indian innovation.

Strategic Vision:

• The minister emphasized that public-funded research, combined with supportive policies, can place India in a pivotal position as a global hub for clean energy innovation.
• He encouraged the ART-PV team to commercially demonstrate the scalability and profitability of their tandem solar cells, thereby contributing to a robust innovation ecosystem.

Attendees:

The visit included prominent figures such as IIT Bombay Director Prof. Shireesh Kedare, NCPRE Principal Investigator Prof. Baylon G. Fernandes, and ART-PV India Co-Founder Prof. Dinesh Kabra.

Important Points:

• Union Minister for Renewable Energy, Shri Pralhad Joshi, supports advancements in silicon-perovskite tandem solar cell technology.
• Over Rs 200 crore funding by MNRE for NCPRE to enhance solar energy development within 15 years.
• ART-PV India achieved 29.8% efficiency with its solar cell technology.
• MNRE plans to invest $10 million in a pilot manufacturing facility at IIT Bombay.
• Commitment to achieving over 30% efficiency in tandem solar technology.
• Focus on rejuvenating India's R&D environment to become a clean energy leader globally.
• Recent approval of the RDI Scheme signifies an investment of Rs 1.27 lakh crore in innovation and research.

This initiative represents a crucial step towards transforming India’s renewable energy capabilities, ensuring self-reliance, and promoting environmental sustainability in line with global trends.

Summary of the Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) Monthly Bulletin - June 2025

The Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) Monthly Bulletin for June 2025 presents key insights regarding the labour market in India. The survey conducted estimates crucial employment indicators such as the Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR), Worker Population Ratio (WPR), and Unemployment Rate (UR).

Key Findings:

• Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR):

  • The LFPR among individuals aged 15 years and above was recorded at 54.2% in June 2025, experiencing a slight decline from 54.8% in May 2025.
  • Rural LFPR: 56.1%
  • Urban LFPR: 50.4%
  • For males aged 15 years and above:
    • Rural: 78.1% (down from 78.3% in May 2025)
    • Urban: 75.0% (down from 75.1% in May 2025)
  • For females aged 15 years and above in rural areas: 35.2%

• Worker Population Ratio (WPR):

  • The overall WPR for individuals aged 15 years and above was 51.2% in June 2025, down from 51.7% in May 2025.
  • Rural WPR: 53.3%
  • Urban WPR: 46.8%
  • For females:
    • Rural WPR: 33.6%
    • Urban WPR: 22.9%

• Unemployment Rate (UR):

  • The UR for individuals aged 15 years and above remained steady at 5.6% from May to June 2025.

Trends and Influencing Factors:

• The decline in LFPR and WPR noted in June 2025 was attributable to:

  • Seasonal agricultural patterns.
  • Adverse weather conditions limiting outdoor work.
  • A transition of unpaid helpers, particularly from wealthier rural households, to domestic chores, affecting rural female participation rates.
  • Notably, there was an observed shift of female workers from agricultural roles, with a drop in rural female participation in agriculture from 70.2% in May to 69.8% in June 2025.

• The stability in the unemployment rate across both rural and urban areas for both genders can be associated with an increased number of self-employed workers.

PLFS Survey Methodology Enhancements:

• Revamped Design from January 2025:

  • The sampling methodology of the PLFS has been optimized to enhance indicator estimation frequency and coverage.
  • Monthly data release presents crucial labor market indicators for rural and urban contexts.

• Sample Design:

  • A rotational panel sampling method ensures continuity and comprehensive data (7,520 First Stage Units surveyed with 89,493 households and 3,80,538 persons, comprising 2,17,251 from rural areas and 1,63,287 from urban areas).

Conceptual Framework:

• Definitions of Indicators:
  • Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR): Percentage of the population working or seeking work.
  • Worker Population Ratio (WPR): Percentage of employed persons in the population.
  • Unemployment Rate (UR): Percentage of unemployed in the labor force.
  • Current Weekly Status (CWS): Activity status based on the previous week.

Accessibility:

• The monthly findings and deeper insights into the PLFS can be accessed through the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation's official website.

Important Points:

• LFPR in June 2025: 54.2%, down from 54.8% in May 2025.
• Rural LFPR: 56.1%, Urban LFPR: 50.4%.
• Overall WPR: 51.2% in June 2025, a decrease from May’s 51.7%.
• Unemployment Rate: Consistently at 5.6% for both May and June 2025.
• Influencing factors include seasonal agriculture patterns and extreme weather conditions.
• Revamped sample design provides enhanced data accuracy and coverage for PLFS indicators.
• The PLFS serves as a crucial tool for analyzing employment trends in India.

The Monthy Bulletin for June 2025 indicates a gradual yet significant divergence in labor market activity and participation, reflecting underlying economic conditions and social dynamics.

Summary of the 2nd BIMSTEC Ports Conclave

The 2nd BIMSTEC Ports Conclave was inaugurated by Union Minister of Ports, Shipping, and Waterways, Sarbananda Sonowal, in Visakhapatnam, targeting enhanced regional maritime connectivity and sustainable development in the Bay of Bengal. This two-day event brought together policymakers, maritime experts, and stakeholders from the BIMSTEC nations: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.

Key Objectives of the Conclave:

• Promotion of Maritime Cooperation: The conclave aims to facilitate deeper integration in maritime trade, logistics, and sustainable tourism across BIMSTEC nations.
• Enhancement of Port Infrastructure: Focus on Public-Private Partnerships (PPP) for port development and infrastructure enhancement.
• Transforming the Bay of Bengal: A vision is laid out to convert the Bay of Bengal into a global hub for trade and tourism.

Significant Announcements:

• Joint Feasibility Studies: Sarbananda Sonowal announced the forthcoming launch of feasibility studies to develop port-linked industrial zones.
• Establishment of BIMSTEC Sustainable Maritime Transport Centre: This centre will be set up in Powai, Mumbai, to ensure the operationalization of the BIMSTEC Agreement on Maritime Transport Cooperation (AMTC).
• Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project: Highlighted as a transformative initiative to connect India’s Northeast with the Bay of Bengal, promoting regional economic growth.

Discussions During the Conclave:

• Infrastructure and Investment: Focus on overcoming outdated infrastructure through PPP and investment to optimize maritime connectivity.
• Shifting Global Supply Chains: Opportunities identified for investment in sectors such as shipbuilding and renewables, bolstered by improved logistics.
• Skill Development: Emphasis on training of the maritime workforce through cross-border initiatives and industry-academia collaborations.

Conclusion:

Sarbananda Sonowal underscored the commitment of BIMSTEC nations to harness the demographic and economic potential of the region through collaborative efforts. The conclave set a strategic roadmap aimed at turning the Bay of Bengal into a resilient trade and tourism hub while ensuring sustainable growth.

Important Points:

• Inauguration Date: The event opened on [insert specific date, if available] and spans two days.
• BIMSTEC Member Nations: Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Thailand are participants.
• Maritime Transport Agreement (AMTC): India was the first to ratify this agreement, which aims for enhanced cooperation in maritime transport.
• Focus Areas: The conclave discusses operationalizing agreements, enhancing port connectivity, and unlocking cruise tourism levels.
• Key Stakeholders: Attendees included government officials, port authorities, and private sector players, as well as 28 delegates from member nations.
• Vision of "Neighbourhood First" Policy: Highlighted by Sarbananda Sonowal, underlining India’s commitment to regional prosperity through BIMSTEC.
• Kaladan Project: Aimed at boosting connectivity from Northeast India to the Bay of Bengal, pivotal for economic integration.

This conclave represents a significant step towards realizing the potential of the Bay of Bengal as a robust hub for trade and sustainable development among Southeast Asian nations.

Summary of Consumer Price Index (CPI) Numbers for June 2025

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) report for June 2025 highlights several key indicators reflecting the state of inflation across rural and urban sectors in India, with particular focus on consumer food prices.

Key Highlights:

• Headline Inflation:

  • The year-on-year inflation rate based on the All India CPI is reported at 2.10% for June 2025, representing a decline of 72 basis points from May 2025.
  • This is the lowest year-on-year inflation recorded since January 2019.

• Food Inflation:

  • The Consumer Food Price Index (CFPI) indicates a food inflation rate of -1.06% for June 2025, a significant decline of 205 basis points from May 2025, marking the lowest food inflation since January 2019.
  • The respective food inflation rates for rural and urban areas are -0.92% and -1.22% respectively.
  • The decrease in food inflation is attributed to favorable baseline effects and reduced prices in essential commodities including vegetables, pulses, meat, fish, cereals, milk, and sugar.

• Sector-wise Inflation:

  • Rural Sector:

    • Headline inflation stands at 1.72%, down from 2.59% in May 2025.
    • CFPI for the rural sector shows food inflation of -0.92%, improving from 0.95% in May 2025.

  • Urban Sector:

    • Urban headline inflation has decreased from 3.12% in May 2025 to 2.56% in June 2025.
    • Corresponding CFPI shows food inflation falling to -1.22% from 1.01% in the previous month.

• Housing, Education, Health, Transport & Communication, Fuel & Light:

  • Housing Inflation: 3.24% (compared to 3.16% in May 2025).
  • Education Inflation: 4.37% (up from 4.12% in May 2025).
  • Health Inflation: 4.43% (an increase from 4.34%).
  • Transport and Communication Inflation: 3.90% (up from 3.85%).
  • Fuel & Light Inflation: 2.55% (down from 2.84%).

State-wise Comparisons:

• The report highlights inflation rates across various states, indicating variability in inflation pressures. States such as Kerala and Haryana show notable changes:
  • Kerala: Rural CPI increased from 201.2 to 215.9 (7.31%); Urban CPI went from 196.9 to 208.1 (5.69%).
  • Haryana: Rural CPI from 192.2 to 198.2 (3.12%); Urban CPI from 181.6 to 187.2 (3.08%).

Economic Indicators:

• The rural inflation reflects the economic conditions affecting agricultural households, while urban inflation illustrates the costs borne by city dwellers.
• The data is sourced from 1114 urban markets and 1181 villages across India, ensuring a comprehensive representation.

Future Projections:

• The next CPI data release is scheduled for August 12, 2025, giving insight into inflation for July 2025.

Important Points:

• Headline Inflation: 2.10% in June 2025 (lowest since Jan 2019).
• Food Inflation: -1.06% (lowest since Jan 2019).
• Rural Headline Inflation: 1.72% (down from 2.59% in May).
• Urban Headline Inflation: 2.56% (down from 3.12% in May).
• Significant declines observed in key food categories, particularly vegetables and protein sources.
• The CPI data includes comprehensive state-wise inflation rates, with Kerala showing the highest change.
• Prepared by the National Statistical Office, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI).

This summary provides a detailed overview of India’s economic situation as evaluated through the CPI metrics, offering essential insights for policymakers and stakeholders involved in economic planning and analysis.

Summary of the Bullet Train Project Development in India

The Mumbai–Ahmedabad High-Speed Rail (MAHSR) project, a collaborative initiative between India and Japan, has reached significant milestones by opening the first segment of a 21 km undersea tunnel and achieving extensive progress in construction and technology integration.

Key Developments:

• Tunnel Opening: The undersea tunnel segment between Ghansoli and Shilphata has opened as part of the bullet train project.
• Progress in Construction:
  • 310 km of viaduct has been completed.
  • Construction encompasses track laying, overhead electrical wiring, stations, and bridges, exhibiting rapid advancement.
  • 15 river bridges have been completed, with 4 in advanced stages, alongside 12 stations where 5 have been finished and 3 are nearing completion.
  • Engineering feats include the BKC station, which is set 32.5 m below ground, designed to support a 95 m high structure above.

Technological Integration:

• Japanese Shinkansen Technology: The entire 508 km corridor will utilize next-generation E10 Shinkansen trains, enhancing speed, safety, and reliability.
  • The E10 trains will debut simultaneously in both India and Japan, emphasizing the deep strategic and technological ties between the two nations.

Strategic Cooperation:

• The project's pace illustrates India’s capacity for advanced infrastructure development utilizing cutting-edge technology, supported by the Japanese government as a strategic partner.

Future Prospects:

• The successful execution of the Mumbai-Ahmedabad project is expected to pave the way for additional bullet train corridors across India, with future routes actively under consideration.

Importance:

• The project not only demonstrates infrastructural capabilities but also highlights international collaboration between India and Japan, which is crucial for fostering economic growth and technological advancements in the transportation sector.

Bullet Points:

• Opening of the first section of a 21 km undersea tunnel between Ghansoli and Shilphata under the MAHSR project.
• Completion of 310 km of viaduct construction along the Mumbai–Ahmedabad route.
• Rapid progress in track laying, electrical works, and station constructions with 15 completed river bridges.
• Introduction of the next-generation E10 Shinkansen trains under the India-Japan partnership.
• Entire 508 km corridor to be equipped with advanced Shinkansen technology.
• Notable engineering achievement of BKC station at 32.5 m below ground.
• The successful MAHSR project serves as a model for future bullet train corridors in India, promoting infrastructural development.
• Emphasis on the strategic partnership between India and Japan, enhancing global technology use for development projects.

This summary encapsulates the latest developments and future implications of the Mumbai–Ahmedabad Bullet Train project, highlighting major achievements and international cooperation.

The news article outlines the remarks made by Union Minister of State for Rural Development, Shri Pemmasani Chandrasekhar, during the first meeting of the Performance Review Committee of the Rural Development Ministry held in New Delhi. The Minister emphasized the need for creating 'Viksit Gaon' (Developed Villages) as part of the larger goal of realizing 'Viksit Bharat' (Developed India) by 2047.

Key Points:

• Vision for 'Viksit Bharat':

  • The goal is to establish a 'Viksit Gaon' where every family has a pucca house with essential amenities, quality road connectivity, employment opportunities for rural youth, and financial independence for women.

• Importance of Rural Development:

  • The Rural Development Ministry plays a pivotal role in achieving this vision, as articulated by the Minister, who noted that rural development efforts are shaping the future of India's growth.

• Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS):

  • Described as a vital tool against rural unemployment and distress migration, especially during agricultural off-seasons.
  • The scheme sees an annual investment of ₹90,000 to ₹1,00,000 crore, generating over 250 crore person-days of employment, issuing more than 36 crore job cards, and having over 15 crore active beneficiaries.
  • The Minister emphasized transitioning from mere wage payments to creating durable assets through diversified work projects.

• Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G):

  • Since its inception, over 3.22 crore pucca houses have been constructed for families living in inadequate housing.
  • A target of building an additional 2 crore houses by 2029 has been set to accommodate the increasing demand due to rural demographic growth.
  • The promotion of eco-friendly and region-specific construction methods is also under consideration.

• Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY):

  • Over 7.56 lakh kilometers of rural roads have been constructed.
  • Recommendations were made for state-level road maintenance funds, community-based monitoring systems, and innovative financing models for sustainability.

• Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM):

  • This initiative has empowered over 10.05 crore rural women through the formation of 91 lakh Self Help Groups (SHGs) with cumulative bank linkages exceeding ₹11 lakh crore.
  • The Lakhpati Didi Initiative has enabled 1.5 crore women to earn more than ₹1 lakh annually, with a target of reaching 3 crore women.

• Skill Development Initiatives:

  • The Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY) has trained over 17 lakh rural youth, achieving placements for more than 11 lakh individuals in various industries.

• Call for Empowerment:

  • The Minister urged for targeted credit, advanced skill training, and market-ready support to further empower the "Lakhpati Didis."

In summary, the speech emphasizes a multi-faceted approach towards rural development through various schemes, which aim at economic empowerment, infrastructure development, and social upliftment of women and youth in rural areas. The initiatives align with the broader aim of transforming India into a developed nation by 2047, focusing predominantly on sustainable and inclusive growth.